I agree with what Dragonized has advised you to do, but I also strongly urge you to take a Chinese friend with you to help with refund negotiations. Good luck.
You can try going back to the satellite office and ask them that you want to "Tui Piao" (ticket refund). They should just give you a refund but not a full one. If for some reason the satellite office rejects you you may have to go to the main train station to get a refund, but don't quote me on that. You should ask more people to make sure.
Hello all, just needed some quick advice. I had bought a ticket in advance to travel inside China, however I missed my train. Can you get a refund on an already bought ticket for a train trip that has already occurred, and if so, how and where? I bought mine at one of those satellite ticket offices you can find pretty much anywhere.