Ensure you have enough funds available to pay a 5000 yuan fine + the price of a new L visa of 10 days or so + your exit costs between Qingdao and your homeland so that you needn't go to jail if the worst comes to the worst.
Do not turn yourself in as a visa violator as the Chinese PSB are notorious for showing no mercy to foreigners who have done illegal acts in their country. Stick it out and play it by ear. Even if you end up being kicked out of the country, there will be no repercussions - you can always re-enter. Your (*) short-term visa simply and politely states that you have been 'requested to leave China'. That shows what you've done is no big deal in their eyes. You needn't even return to your homeland. Instead you could visit HK or a third-party country such as South Korea to obtain a new L visa at a Chinese visa office there before returning unimpeded. No need to worry if yu've got the funds to pay for your fine and an enforced short trip abroad. If not, then you should worry as you are definitely vulnerable, and should therefore flee asap to avoid possible detention. good luck, whatever way you decide to play it!