This theory of magnetism is unique in that not only in that it tries to explain a lot of physical laws with a small amount of axioms , it also includes a large range of physical ideas from many geniuses in the past. These geniuses did not always agree with one another but somehow each had a part of the truth.

Among the scientific ideas included are those of Einstein , Newton , Ampere , Gauss , Weber , Maxwell , Feynman and Purcell. The result of taking the best from each of them gives a theory which is very clear and straight forward. The basic laws of physics are strictly kept unless there is absolutely no other way of explaining the experimental evidence.

Thus the laws of ;
- Conservation of energy ,
- Conservation of momentum ,
- Of action-reaction,
- and of relativity are applied in a simple and direct way.

These laws are here sometimes taken on face value and beyond the limits generally applied to them. Electrical engineers all know that Maxwell's equations obey only weak form of Newton's law of action reaction. I claim that the strong form of Newton's action-reaction law must apply.

Thus for Maxwell if we consider a two small wire elements (two small bits of electric wire) Newton's action-reaction law is not kept. Maxwell's equations just keep the action-reaction law when we consider the sum of all the wire elements in the wire. I claim that the action-reaction law must apply for each of the wire elements. The force between any two is in the direction of the line between them and is equal and opposite.

A Simplified Derivation of Magnetism

As Einstein proved magnetism is a relativistic effect of charge.I take this affirmation on absolute face value. The only forces that exist are electric forces . The basis of magnetism and gravitation is that electric charges increase with relative velocity.

The increase in charge is q = q0 / (1 + v2 / c2)^.5 This equation is the same as the relativistic increase of mass with velocity. In fact it is the increase of charge with velocity that directly accounts for the for the mass increase.

This is approximately equal to q = q0 + q0 * 0.5 * v^2 / c^2 .

When v is not relativistic ie. for all currents in wires and charges around us this equation is numerically exact.

This velocity must not be measured with respect to us or the wire . We must measure the velocity of one charge w.r.t. another. It is this increase which accounts for what we call magnetism and gravitation. The velocity always has to be calculated w.r.t the moving charges themselves and not with respect to us or the wires. In any small amount of matter the charges are enormous. Any slight unbalance results in large resultant forces.

Magnetism is thus just electricity

Magnetism does not exist. A current consists of stationary positive charges and moving negative charges.

Let us start with two parallel wires with an equal current in the same direction. We must put the forces concerned into the right perspective.If we just consider the mobile charges ie free electrons in any small wire the forces between the electrons of the two wires are so extreme that the force between them would literally explode the two wires apart. In general this does not happen as the positive and negative forces in the two wires exactly balance out.Now when a current moves in the two wires the moving charges increase ever so slightly.This increase must again not be calculated with respect to us or the wire but each set of charges must be calculated with respect to all the other sets of charges. The sums of the results of the slight increases in charges with respect to each other is what gives magnetism.

In order to do the calculation we must carefully consider four basic charge-forces. Each wire has a fixed positive charge and a moving negative charge. We must consider the sum of the four forces between the two wires.

We have the positive in the first to the positive in the second , the positive in the first to the negative in the second. We also have the negative in the first to the positive in the second and the negative in the first to the negative in the second.

Now instead of calculating the absolute force between the four charge types which will be gigantic and lead us to say that the relative change is approximately zero I will consider only the change in the balance of the forces.

The positive-positive have zero relative velocity and so do not change. The negative-negative charges move at the same velocities and so the force between them is the same.There is thus no change in the force between them.

The positive in one wire to the negative in the other wire have a relative velocity and are therefore a tiny bit stronger. Likewise the negative in the first to the positive in the second have a relative velocity as above.

Normally the positive-negative and negative-positive exactly balance the positive-positive and negative - negative. The positive-negative in a moving current are now stronger and thus the two wires will attract one another. The total charges in the wire are so big that even a slight imbalance causes a force, i.e. the magnetic force between the wires.

If the currents now goes in opposite directions the negative-negative charges will now move at at 2 v. The force between the two negative charges now increases by v*v and is so 4 times as strong. The positive-positive stay the same.The positive-negative and negative-positive double. The negative-negative are now four times as strong .

Thus we have 0 +2 -4=-2.

By a slightly more complicated calculation using the actual currents between two wire elements we get Ampere's famous wire law

F=Km*I1*I2*L/r

This law basically states that currents in the same direction attract and those in opposite directions repel each other.

A Very Simple Experiment

We can now with an extremely simple experiment prove that a magnet it not something with a north and a south magnetic pole as we learnt in school.All we need is two or three magnets to do the experiment.

Magnets can be considered as virtual electromagnets.We could replace the "magnet" By carefully taking note of the directions of the virtual currents and the forces between them we can with a little bit of careful analysis see how magnets attract and repel.This would explain why "opposite poles" attract and "like poles repel".If we then actually play around with two magnets a little more we will notice that there are not really two magnetic poles but really what we have is the equivalent of an electromagnet with currents going in the same direction attracting one another and those in opposite directions repelling.Like currents flowing along the circumferences are attracting one another and not a theoretical pole somewhere in the middle of the magnets.This can easily be noticed in the way the magnets stick to each other.

If we take a fat cylindrical magnet and a thin one we can by simply "playing" with the two magnets see that it is the circumferences where the like virtual currents are flowing that are attracting one to the other. The thin magnet is not at all attracted to the centre of the fat one. It will always stick to the circumference of the fat one. If we consider a magnet as two opposite poles the thin magnet should be attracted to the centre of the fat one.This is obviously not the case.